Data science is an interdisciplinary field that leverages scientific methods, algorithms, statistics, and various systems to extract knowledge from heterogeneous datasets. By employing rigorous analytical techniques, data science aims to uncover meaningful patterns, insights, and relationships within data. This involves applying statistical analysis, data mining, machine learning, and visualization techniques to explore and interpret complex datasets.

Combining quantitative approaches as data science and AI (AI) techniques such as machine learning and DL, whit qualitative and social science approaches as design thinking and sociological approaches. This concern the use or not of technology-based solutions for biodiversity, water, energy, utilities and urban / territorial solutions.

Mycle Schneider took up this definition of citizen science: "Citizen science can be defined as the participatory and combined effort of research, analysis, and public education that strictly pursues, as a basic principle, the goal of collective well-being of present and future generations of beings: humans on the planet and the biosphere."